Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: The temporal dynamics of the immune response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy suggests a window-of-opportunity for checkpoint inhibitor therapy in prostate cancer

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.10.26343859

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. Representative high power fields from 1744 qmIF images used to compare the distribution of immune cells in tumor between nADT-treated duration groups (≤ 2 months, 3-5 months, and ≥ 6 months) and matched control specimens. Marker identified by color indicated in inset, scale bar represents 20 µm. B. Bar charts quantitating changes in cell populations (as a percentage of total DAPI marked cells) for each duration nADT group (429, 356, 292 ROIs) vs matched control groups (322, 187, 158 ROIs). C. Stacked bars represent the proportion of each of the cell types (indicated in the color coded key below the stacked bar chart) for each nADT group and the matched control groups. D. Violin plots comparing the ratios of CTLs to M2-like TAMs (left) and CTLs to Tregs (right) in nADT-treated and control groups. Each data point represents the ratios from an individual patient sample, with comparisons made using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test (+,*,**,*** indicates p-values of < 0.1, < 0.05; < 0.01; < 0.001, respectively).

Article Snippet: Specifically, we compared tissues from the nADT and control cohorts using Vectra qmIF staining to determine immune cell proportions and spatial interactions, as diagrammed in .

Techniques: Control, Marker